Our circular economy and resource use related impacts, risks, and opportunities were assessed through consulting internal subject matter experts, particularly drawing on life cycle assessments (LCAs) conducted for our products, and by analysing data inputs from internal software platforms. We also consulted external experts and stakeholders such as our customers. The analysis of impacts, risks, and opportunities covers our entire value chain.

Vestas conducts ISO-compliant LCAs of our wind turbines. These LCAs form the foundation for our understanding of the environmental footprint of our products, and the basis to identify impacts, risks, and opportunities related to resource inflows and outflows. The LCAs cover the full life cycle and over 99.5 percent of material inflows for all models of our wind turbines. Although our LCA is a methodological strong analysis, it is based on several assumptions including the lifetime of asset and has limitations of life. Additionally, data from Vestas’ own manufacturing operations, reported via our waste management process, identifies all waste fractions and treatment methods relevant for our operations.

Affected communities were not consulted or involved in the materiality assessment. We have not identified any material negative impacts on priority ecosystem services of relevance to affected communities in our overall analysis. For more information about our approach to biodiversity, see pages 83-85.