Interests of key stakeholders: Similar to the development of our biodiversity projects, we have also included key stakeholder concerns and interests into the scope of our biodiversity policy. For example, local communities, NGOs, and academia are included in the stakeholder engagement steps during the various phases of an asset’s life cycle.

In addition to the operational sites, we had 12 assets under construction in 2024, which were identified as material sites that temporarily have activities negatively affecting biodiversity-sensitive areas. These sites are listed in the table on page 114 and include nine offshore wind and three solar PV projects. At the offshore construction sites, biodiversity impacts were primarily associated with monopile piling, which generates noise pollution, and cable laying, which disrupts benthic and intertidal habitats. Additionally, the increased vessel traffic during construction caused further disruption to the ecosystem through noise pollution. For the solar PV assets under construction, biodiversity impacts were primarily due to land clearing and cable laying, which caused temporary habitat disruption and species displacement. Additionally, the operation of machinery contributed to noise pollution. All these impacts are appropriately managed or mitigated through implementation of measures agreed through impact assessment and permitting processes.