Material IRO description:

1. Natural resources exploitation and land-use and freshwater-use change from mining. Negative impact (upstream value chain).
2. Ecotoxicity from mining. Negative impact (upstream value chain).
3. Land-use and sea-use change from coal and gas extraction. Negative impact (upstream value chain).

How do we manage the IRO?

1. We have completed a mapping to help us understand potential negative impacts on biodiversity that we may have in our value chain. We continue to explore ways to identify and mitigate impacts across our value chain, including our first attempt at mapping impacts from high impact commodities (HICs) in our upstream value chain.
2. We have completed a mapping to help us understand potential negative impacts on biodiversity that we may have in our value chain. We continue to explore ways to identify and mitigate impacts across our value chain, including our first attempt at mapping impacts from high impact commodities (HICs) in our upstream value chain.
3. We are working towards managing our biodiversity-related negative impacts in our value chain. In 2024, we closed our last coal-fired CHP plant, eliminating the impact from coal from 2025.

For offshore wind farms, a buffer zone of 25 km is applied, whereas the buffer zone is 10 km for onshore wind and solar farms. These buffers have been determined based on best practice rooted in science and to recognize relevant interactions with protected areas for nature conservation or key biodiversity areas.