Scope 1 emissions comprise direct CO2 emissions from sources owned or controlled by the ISS Group calculated in accordance with the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. Consumption data is multiplied with emission factors from USEPA Hub April 2023 and Defra 2024 for each fuel type. Fuel relating to our chauffeur service in India is accounted for in Scope 3 (category 3) and excluded from Scope 1.

Scope 2 emissions comprise indirect tCO2e emissions from electricity, heating, steam and cooling consumed in buildings leased or owned by the ISS Group as well as electricity consumed for electric vehicles. Emissions are calculated in accordance with the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. Location-based electricity emissions are calculated using emission factors from IEA Electricity 2022, UK Defra 2023, AU National GHA 2024 and eGrid 2023. Market-based electricity emissions are calculated using emission factors from AIB Residual Mix 2023, IEA Electricity 2022, AU National GHA 2024 and eGrid 2023. Heating, cooling and steam emissions are calculated using emission factors from EU28 District Heat, DK district heat and ecoinvent 3.10.

Scope 3 emissions comprise the 8 most material categories out of the 15 scope 3 categories specified by the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. The remaining categories are not applicable and therefore not reported on. Spend data used relate to the financial year 2024 and is adjusted for inflation from the base year of the applicable emission factor.